DISASTER ANALYSIS AND COUNTERMEASURES OF LAND SUBSIDENCE CAUSED BY COAL CUTTING IN CHINA     

YANGYong-liang SHITong-guang JLANGLU-guang LIYue 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2003,13(2):130-133

In recent years, many coal-producing countries have paid great attention to the land subsidence causedby coal cutting. In China, because of the dense population in coalfield areas, the land subsidence hazard is more seri-ous. After a brief analysis on the mechanism of land subsidence, this paper gives a comprehensive and systematical ac-count on all kinds of hazards caused by the land subsidence in China. The study shows that land subsidence has endan-gered land, buildings, traffic and communication lines, dykes and dams. It also causes damage to ecological and socialenvironment. In order to lessen the hazard of land subsidence, preventive measures should be taken to reduce the col-lapse amount, such as extraction with stowing, banded mining system, succession and coordination mining system, orhigh-pressure mudflow between rock strata. Measures of reinforcing or moving certain buildings should also be taken toreduce the destructive degree. In order to harness the subsidence land and bring them under control for fanning, mea-sures should be taken such as filling with spoil or fine breeze, excavating the deeper and covering the shallower land.  相似文献   

2种亚洲龙鱼的D-Loop序列结构分析     

潘阳  白俊杰  叶星  劳海华  罗建仁  汪学杰 《广东海洋大学学报》2005,25(4):5-8

采用PCR技术对2种亚洲龙鱼的mtDNAD_Loop全序列进行扩增和测序,序列结构分析和序列同源性比对结果表明,2种亚洲龙鱼的mtDNAD_Loop在靠近5’端有3个终止相关序列TAS(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ),靠近D_Loop的3’端有4个保守区域CSB1、CSB2、CSB3、CSB-D。在终止相关序列和保守区域之间是连续重复区域。经DNASP4.0软件分析,全序列中检测出多态位点数(S)为26,其中有17个转换,核苷酸多样性(Pi)为0.013,平均核苷酸差异数(K)为17.333。  相似文献   

SHORT COMMUNICATION TARGET FACTOR ANALYSIS:UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRY FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF SIX AMINO ACIDS     

PANZHONGXIAO  XIASIQING  SISHENGZHU  ZHANGMAOSEN  SHILEMING  LIUXINAN 《地理学报(英文版)》1990,(4)

The UV spectra of mixture solutions consisting of tyrosine,tryptophane,phenylalanine,cystine,histidineand 3,4-dihydroxyl phenylalanine have been measured.The numbers,identities and concentrations of theamino acids in the mixtures have been determined successfully using target factor analysis.The effectsof the wavelength range and the selected sampling interval on the results are discussed.Twenty-fivesynthetic mixture samples have been analysed successfully.The average recoveries are 98·9 for Tyr,96·5for Trp,105·6 for Phe,98·1 for Cys,98·9 for His and 106·4 for Di-phe.The results obtained are ingood agreement with those obtained by the Kalman filter method.  相似文献   

地理信息系统数据库设计     

潘珩 《成都信息工程学院学报》2006,21(4):555-558

首先分析了地理信息系统的组成、地理信息系统数据的特征、地理信息系统数据库的功能，然后进行了中心式导航系统数据库的设计，给出了数据库模型的E-R图，最后描述了空间地理信息的查询功能。  相似文献   

北京平原造林工程对生态需水量的影响研究     

王展鹏  柯樱海  潘云  李志萍  孙颖  张怀清 《地理与地理信息科学》2021,37(5):71-78

水资源节约高效利用是城市经济高效发展的保障.该文基于气象、土地利用及Landsat TM/ETM+遥感数据,采用Penman-Monteith方法,考虑新造林区植被覆盖度,结合GEE云平台和GIS技术,评估2010年和2018年北京平原新造林区造林前后各植被类型的生态需水定额和需水量,并分析平原造林工程对生态需水量的影响.结果表明:退耕还林是平原造林的主要方式,约占新造林区面积的78.51％;林地各月份的需水定额低于耕地,春季尤为明显,说明植树造林极大减轻了农业灌溉用水压力;新造林区2018年最小生态需水量比2010年减少8884万m3(减少47.22％),适宜生态需水量增加4382.6万m3(增加22.34％);以2018年气象条件为基准,由土地利用变化导致的新造林区最小生态需水量减少11676.4万m3(减少54.05％),适宜生态需水量仅增加1496万m3(增加6.65％).降水可满足林地基本生长需求,无须充分灌溉,因此北京平原区造林工程缓解了需水压力.  相似文献   

安塞县退耕还林工程与农业生态经济社会系统协同效应的分析——基于VAR模型的实证分析     

李玥  王继军  胡小宁  赵晓翠 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2021,12(2):292-301

针对黄土丘陵区退耕还林工程与农业生态经济社会系统协同性研究滞后的现实,运用向量自回归模型(VAR),通过对安塞县1995–2014年相关数据的分析,明确了其协同效应。退耕还林工程结果表明:退耕还林工程对农业生态经济社会系统产生作用的同时,农业生态经济社会系统的改变也反作用于退耕还林工程,明确了退耕还林工程与农业生态经济社会系统之间存在协同互馈的效应。在这一协同过程中,退耕还林工程对农业生态系统的贡献率达34%,明显高于退耕对农业经济系统、农业社会系统的贡献率;农业经济系统对退耕还林工程的影响程度最为明显,贡献率最高点达55.3%且常年稳定,这些都与现实状况相一致。基于此,为了推进退耕还林工程与农业生态经济社会系统的优化耦合,需要在增强生态功能基础上,通过发展碳汇产业促使生态功能的经济显化,构建以提高区域内资源的有效利用率为核心的农业产业–资源链。  相似文献   

Ecological Footprint Evaluation of Three Types of Wood Flooring in China based on Their Production Data from 2000 to 2018     

LI Jianquan  YUAN Yue  LUO Shuzheng 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2021,12(3):430-436

To encourage the environmental responsibility of consumers and manufacturers for forest management, it is necessary to evaluate the environmental influences of forest products. Ecological footprint (EF) is an internationally recognized indicator for estimating the natural capital consumption and environmental influences of various forest products. In this study, we developed an accounting model for the EF evaluation of wood flooring, which is a tertiary forest product, by the method of transformation. Next, we used that model to evaluate the EF of three types of wood flooring in China according to their production data from 2000 to 2018. We collected the necessary data by visiting typical enterprises in China and referring to the relevant literature. According to our results, the average EFs of solid wood flooring, engineered solid wood flooring and laminate flooring between 2000 to 2018 were 3.13×10 ⁶, 1.05×10 ⁷ and 5.07×10 ⁶gha, respectively. The total EFs of solid wood flooring, engineered solid wood flooring and laminate flooring from 2000 to 2018 were 5.95×10 ⁷, 1.99×10 ⁸and 9.64×10 ⁷gha, respectively. The coefficients of variation (CV) of the EFs for these three types of wood flooring were 0.45, 0.87 and 0.76, respectively. The average and total EFs of the engineered solid wood flooring were the largest among the three types of wood flooring. The per capita EF and unit EF for the engineered solid wood flooring were also the highest among the three types of wood flooring. The EFs showed an upward trend with irregular fluctuations from 2000 to 2018 for all three types of wood flooring. It is necessary to reduce the EF of the engineered solid wood flooring and use more environmentally friendly products, such as solid wood flooring, for environmental protection.  相似文献   

高精度GPS形变监测网数据处理的理论与方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

柴洪洲  崔岳  明锋  刘长建 《测绘科学技术学报》2008,25(3)

分析了高精度GPS形变监测网数据处理中系统误差的影响,给出了顾及系统误差影响的自由网平差模型;针对粗差在GPS观测数据中存在的广泛性,在对平差模型进行整体性检验的基础上,采用检验方法消除粗差对平差结果的影响;结合抗差估计,对中国地壳运动观测网络工程1999～2003年观测数据进行了处理,验证了模型的精度和可靠性.  相似文献   

基于增强型GPS的自适应UKF实时星间相对定位方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘洋  潘晓刚  王正明  易东云 《测绘学报》2008,37(1):0-113

高精度的星间实时相对定位是卫星编队飞行的一项关键技术。本文以双星编队为例,提出一种基于GPS双频P码、双频载波相位以及星间距离观测信息的自适应UKF、实时相对定位方法。仿真结果表明:相比传统的EKF方法,该算法能有效地提高滤波稳定性及相对定位精度,而且,星间测距信息的引入能大大减少整周模糊度判定所需的历元数。  相似文献   

气候变化与多维度可持续城市化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈明星  先乐  王朋岭  丁子津 《地理学报》2021,76(8):1895-1909

全球大规模城市化和气候变化已是不争的事实,这是全人类需要共同面对和关注的突出问题。当前对于两者之间的复杂关系以及城市化进程如何科学应对气候变化并不清晰,从科学、管理到实践都需要进一步加强探究,以实现全球和区域可持续发展。本文首先给出全球大规模城市化和气候变化发生的基本事实,综述归纳城市化与气候变化的相互影响以及可能机制,城市化导致热岛效应、降水分配不均以及极端天气,并具有局地—区域—全球多尺度叠加效应,加剧了全球气候变化问题;气候变化对城市化的影响主要表现为能源消费变化、死亡率与传染病传播、海平面上升、极端天气对基础设施的破坏、水资源短缺等方面。简要梳理相关的国际研究和行动联盟,从城市化的4个关键维度：人口、土地、经济和社会视角出发,提出适应与减缓气候变化的多维度可持续城市化的分析框架。呼吁加强自然与人文学科交叉,将城市化等人类活动纳入地—气系统,探究人—地—气复杂耦合过程,从城市化为代表的人类活动角度的适应与减缓,或许是应对气候变化的最关键和最现实的路径。  相似文献